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Risk scores are statistical indicators based on prescribing patterns compared to specialty peers. They are NOT allegations of fraud, misconduct, or improper care. Many legitimate medical reasons can explain outlier prescribing.

Read our methodology →

Joseph IrwinMD

Family Practice · Ephrata, PA 17522

NPI: 1063522050

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21

🟡 Moderate

ML Fraud Detection Score: 97%

Machine learning model identifies prescribing patterns consistent with confirmed fraud cases. This is a statistical indicator, not an accusation.

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Risk Flags

High antipsychotic prescribing (65+)Opioid + benzodiazepine co-prescriber

Risk indicators are statistical patterns, not allegations. Learn more

12,177

Total Claims

$1.4M

Drug Cost

669

Beneficiaries

$2,090

Cost/Patient

Risk Score Breakdown 21/100

Low (0)Moderate (15)Elevated (30)High (50+)
Elderly antipsychotic prescribing+10
Opioid + benzodiazepine combo+8

Score components are additive. Read full methodology

Peer Comparison vs. 106,889 Family Practice providers

-3%

Opioid rate vs peers

2.5% vs 2.6% avg

+96%

Cost per patient vs peers

$2,090 vs $1,068 avg

+23%

Brand preference vs peers

11.1% vs 9.0% avg

⚠️ Opioid + Benzodiazepine Co-Prescriber

This provider prescribes both opioids and benzodiazepines. The FDA has issued a Black Box Warning about the life-threatening risks of concurrent use.

🔎 Data Overview

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Our machine learning model — trained on 281 confirmed fraud cases — gives this provider a "Very High" fraud-pattern score. All 20 decision trees in our ensemble model agree that this provider's prescribing patterns resemble those of confirmed fraud cases. This is a statistical finding, not an accusation.

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This provider co-prescribes opioids and benzodiazepines — a combination carrying an FDA Black Box Warning due to increased risk of respiratory depression and death. While sometimes clinically necessary, this combination requires careful justification.

Insights generated from CMS data analysis. Statistical patterns are not accusations — always consider clinical context.

Opioid Prescribing

2.5%

Opioid Rate

306

Opioid Claims

$15K

Opioid Cost

Long-Acting Rate

Brand vs Generic

89% generic

Brand: 1,336 claims · $1.1M

Generic: 10,708 claims · $247K

Top Prescribed Drugs

Drug (Generic)ClaimsCost
Adalimumab13$181K
Apixaban157$165K
Rivaroxaban85$87K
Semaglutide82$85K
Canagliflozin41$60K
Empagliflozin48$51K
Fluticasone/Umeclidin/Vilanter43$44K
Insulin Aspart43$35K
Insulin Glargine,hum.Rec.Anlog25$30K
Fluticasone Propion/Salmeterol40$27K
Sitagliptin Phosphate25$23K
Insulin Detemir19$21K
Insulin Glargine,hum.Rec.Anlog33$19K
Linagliptin14$18K
Budesonide/Formoterol Fumarate27$17K

Prescribing Profile

159

Unique Drugs

$371K

IRA Negotiated Drugs

$85K

GLP-1 Drugs

21.0

Anomaly Score

Patient Profile

75

Avg Age

53%

Female

1.30

Avg Risk Score

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Data from CMS Medicare Part D Prescriber Public Use File, 2023. Risk scores are statistical indicators, not allegations of wrongdoing.Methodology · About · Dispute this data